C/C++：設定 VS Code 來編譯 C/C++ 語言
最近覺得 Python 寫多了，很多東西其實都省略掉了，為了好好加強自己的程式語言，決定來重學 C 語言。記得以前剛學程式的時候，都是用 Dev C++，不過現在有微軟的 VS Code，安裝容量也很輕量，另外還能安裝許多額外的擴充功能，我學很多程式都可以使用這個，實在太好用了，決定就用這個來當作自己學 C 語言的工具。
Download Files
Visual Studio Code – Code Editing. Redefined
MinGW-w64 – for 32 and 64 bit Windows download | SourceForge.net
MinGW 安裝：我是載線上安裝版，安裝的時候我會將Architecture 更改為 x86_64，其餘不須更動，安裝路徑用預設的或自訂都可以，裝完之後再將裡面的 bin 資料夾加到環境變數中。
安裝 LLVM：記得自己設定的安裝路徑，安裝完之後再將剛剛 MinGW 裡的東西複製到 LLVM 的資料夾，然後開啟 CMD，如果看到以下畫面代表成功，再來就可以設定 VS Code 了。
PS: 安裝 MinGW 應該可以用第四個檔案就好，載下來會是壓縮檔，解壓縮之後，再把所有檔案丟進去 LLVM 的資料夾中，應該也可以自動合併檔案。
VS Code Extensions
- C/C++ (C/C++ 語言的支援)
- C/C++ Clang Command Adapter (使用Clang命令完成 C / C ++)
- Code Runner (運行程式文件)
設定編譯環境
建立 .vscode 資料夾，接著建立四個檔案分別為 c_cpp_properties.json、launch.json、setting.json、tasks.json。
c_cpp_properties.json
{
"configurations": [
{
"name": "MinGW",
"intelliSenseMode": "clang-x64",
"compilerPath": "D:/YJ/SDK/LLVM/bin/gcc.exe",
"includePath": [
"${workspaceFolder}"
],
"defines": [],
"browse": {
"path": [
"${workspaceFolder}"
],
"limitSymbolsToIncludedHeaders": true,
"databaseFilename": ""
},
"cStandard": "c11",
"cppStandard": "c++17"
}
],
"version": 4
}
launch.json
{
// Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
// Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
// For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
"version": "0.2.0",
"configurations": [
{
"name": "cl.exe - 建置及偵錯使用中的檔案",
"type": "cppvsdbg",
"request": "launch",
"program": "${fileDirname}\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
"args": [],
"stopAtEntry": false,
"cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
"environment": [],
"console": "externalTerminal",
"preLaunchTask": "C/C++: cl.exe 建置使用中檔案"
}
]
}
setting.json
{
"files.defaultLanguage": "cpp",
"editor.formatOnType": true,
"editor.snippetSuggestions": "top",
"code-runner.runInTerminal": true,
"code-runner.executorMap": {
"c": "cd $dir && clang $fileName -o $fileNameWithoutExt.exe -Wall -g -Og -static-libgcc -fcolor-diagnostics --target=x86_64-w64-mingw -std=c11 && $dir$fileNameWithoutExt",
"cpp": "cd $dir && clang++ $fileName -o $fileNameWithoutExt.exe -Wall -g -Og -static-libgcc -fcolor-diagnostics --target=x86_64-w64-mingw -std=c++17 && $dir$fileNameWithoutExt"
},
"code-runner.saveFileBeforeRun": true,
"code-runner.preserveFocus": true,
"code-runner.clearPreviousOutput": false,
"C_Cpp.clang_format_sortIncludes": true,
"C_Cpp.intelliSenseEngine": "Default",
"C_Cpp.errorSquiggles": "Disabled",
"C_Cpp.autocomplete": "Disabled",
"clang.cflags": [
"--target=x86_64-w64-mingw",
"-std=c11",
"-Wall"
],
"clang.cxxflags": [
"--target=x86_64-w64-mingw",
"-std=c++17",
"-Wall"
],
"clang.completion.enable": true
}
tasks.json
{
"version": "2.0.0",
"tasks": [
{
"label": "Compile",
"command": "clang++",
"args": [
"${file}",
"-o",
"${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
"-g",
"-Wall",
"-static-libgcc",
"-fcolor-diagnostics",
"--target=x86_64-w64-mingw",
"-std=c++17"
],
"type": "shell",
"group": {
"kind": "build",
"isDefault": true
},
"presentation": {
"echo": true,
"reveal": "always",
"focus": false,
"panel": "shared"
}
// "problemMatcher":"$gcc"
}
]
}